What does SC mean in BRITISH MEDICINE

Sydenham's chorea (SC) is a neurological disorder that affects children, causing involuntary movements, muscle weakness, and emotional changes. It is associated with rheumatic fever, a condition triggered by a bacterial infection called streptococcus.

SC is caused by inflammation of the brain's basal ganglia, which are involved in motor control and coordination. This inflammation occurs as a delayed reaction to rheumatic fever, which is triggered by an untreated streptococcal infection.

SC symptoms typically develop 2-3 weeks after a streptococcal infection and can include:

• Involuntary, jerky movements of the face, limbs, and trunk
• Muscle weakness and fatigue
• Difficulty with coordination and balance
• Speech and writing difficulties
• Emotional changes, such as irritability, anxiety, and depression

SC is diagnosed based on a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Blood tests may be performed to confirm the presence of rheumatic fever. In some cases, an MRI scan of the brain may be used to rule out other conditions.

Treatment for SC focuses on managing symptoms and preventing further episodes. It may include:

• Medications to reduce inflammation and control involuntary movements
• Physical therapy to improve muscle strength and coordination
• Occupational therapy to help with daily activities
• Antibiotic treatment to prevent recurrent streptococcal infections

Most children with SC recover fully within a few months. However, some may experience persistent symptoms or have recurrent episodes. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis and prevent complications.