What does PEG mean in NURSING

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdomen and stomach. A feeding tube is then inserted through this opening to allow for the delivery of food, fluids, and medications. PEG is typically performed in individuals who are unable to eat or drink by mouth due to conditions such as stroke, dementia, or cancer.

PEG may be necessary for individuals who are unable to meet their nutritional needs orally due to a variety of conditions, including:

• Difficulty swallowing
• Prolonged unconsciousness or coma
• Severe malnutrition
• Obstruction in the esophagus or stomach
• Neurological disorders that affect oral motor function

PEG can provide numerous benefits, such as:

• Improved nutrition and hydration
• Reduced risk of aspiration (food or fluid entering the lungs)
• Increased comfort and quality of life
• Decreased need for hospitalization or nursing home placement

While PEG is generally a safe procedure, potential risks include:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Leakage around the feeding tube
• Aspiration pneumonia
• Bowel perforation

PEG is performed under general anesthesia. A small incision is made in the abdomen, and an endoscope (a thin, flexible tube with a camera) is inserted through the mouth and into the stomach. A guidewire is then passed through the endoscope and into the abdomen. The endoscope is removed, and a gastrostomy tube is inserted over the guidewire and secured in place.

Recovery from PEG typically takes a few days. Most individuals can resume their normal activities within a week. During recovery, it is important to keep the feeding tube clean and to avoid strenuous activity.