What does BMT mean in MEDICAL

Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) is a medical procedure in which healthy bone marrow cells are transplanted into an individual with diseased or damaged bone marrow. BMT is often used to treat life-threatening illnesses such as leukemia and immune system disorders.

A person who has a life threatening illness such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, lymphomas or severe combined immunodeficency may require a BMT. In some cases, it can also be used for other conditions such as thalassemia or sickle cell disease.

Some of the potential risks associated with undergoing BMT include infection, graft versus host disease (GvHD), organ damage, and even death. GvHD occurs when the donor's immune system rejects the recipient's body tissues and organs.

Any healthy adult between 18 and 55 years old can donate bone marrow. It is possible for sibling donors (brothers or sisters) to be suitable for donation, since family members share similar tissue types which helps in successful transplantations.

The preparation process before getting a transplant usually includes tests to determine if both donor and recipient are compatible and ready for the procedure. The recipient will need to go through chemotherapy or radiation therapy prior to receiving the transplant in order to stop existing cancer cells from multiplying further in his/her body.