What does BCG mean in CLINICAL MEDICINE
BCG stands for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. It is a vaccine used to prevent tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infection that affects the lungs. The vaccine is made from a weakened strain of the bacteria that causes TB. When the vaccine is administered, the immune system develops antibodies against the bacteria, protecting the individual from future infection.
BCG meaning in Clinical Medicine in Medical
BCG mostly used in an acronym Clinical Medicine in Category Medical that means Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
Shorthand: BCG,
Full Form: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
For more information of "Bacillus Calmette-Guerin", see the section below.
Full Form of BCG
- Bacillus
- Calmette
- Guerin
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a live attenuated vaccine developed by Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin in the early 1900s. It is the most widely used vaccine against tuberculosis, with over 4 billion doses administered worldwide. BCG is effective in preventing severe forms of TB, such as childhood meningitis and miliary TB.
Usage of BCG Vaccine
The BCG vaccine is typically given to infants and children in countries where TB is common. It is usually administered as a single injection into the upper arm. The vaccine is generally well-tolerated, with common side effects including mild fever, redness, and swelling at the injection site.
Effectiveness of BCG Vaccine
The effectiveness of the BCG vaccine varies depending on the population and setting. In areas with a high incidence of TB, the vaccine can reduce the risk of TB by up to 80%. However, its effectiveness is lower in areas with a lower incidence of TB.
Essential Questions and Answers on Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in "MEDICAL»CLINICAL"
What is BCG?
BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) is a live attenuated vaccine developed from a weakened strain of Mycobacterium bovis, the bacteria that causes tuberculosis in cattle. It is used to protect against tuberculosis (TB) in humans.
How does BCG work?
BCG contains live but weakened Mycobacterium bovis bacteria. When the vaccine is administered, the immune system recognizes the bacteria and mounts a response. This response creates immunological memory that protects the body against future infection with the TB bacteria.
Who should receive the BCG vaccine?
BCG is typically recommended for infants and young children at risk of TB exposure, such as those living in areas with high TB prevalence or in close contact with people with TB. In some countries, BCG is given as part of routine immunization programs.
Is the BCG vaccine effective?
Studies have shown that BCG is moderately effective in preventing TB infection and disease, particularly in children. Its effectiveness varies depending on factors such as the strain of BCG used, the recipient's age, and immune status.
What are the side effects of BCG?
Most people who receive the BCG vaccine experience no or minimal side effects. Common side effects include:
- Redness, swelling, or tenderness at the injection site
- Fever
- Flu-like symptoms Serious side effects are rare but can occur, such as:
- Infection at the injection site
- Lymphadenitis (swelling of the lymph nodes)
- Generalized BCG infection (very rare)
Can BCG provide long-term protection against TB?
The duration of protection provided by BCG is not fully established. Studies suggest that it may provide partial protection for several years, but a booster dose may be necessary to maintain long-term immunity.
Are there any contraindications to receiving the BCG vaccine?
BCG should not be given to people who:
- Have a known allergy to BCG or any of its components
- Have a weakened immune system, such as those with HIV/AIDS
- Have a history of certain skin conditions or other medical conditions that may increase the risk of complications
Final Words: The BCG vaccine is a safe and effective tool for preventing tuberculosis. It is particularly important in countries where TB is common. The vaccine has saved millions of lives and continues to play a crucial role in the fight against TB.
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