What does SM mean in THERAPEUTICS

Selective Mutism is an anxiety disorder characterized by an inability to speak or communicate in certain social settings, like school or public places. It can affect anyone regardless of age, gender, or ethnicity.

Selective Mutism is more common among children but adults can also suffer from it. It impacts communication skills and the ability to effectively interact with others.

The exact cause of SM isn't known but it's believed to be linked to genetics as well as environmental factors like extreme shyness and social anxiety due to Traumatic experiences such as bullying, abuse or sudden relocation in early childhood.

A mental health professional will evaluate symptoms of SM along with any other relevant issues that could be contributing factors before making a diagnosis of selective mutism. Factors include past experience with trauma or abuse, how long the individual has been exhibiting signs of SM and the presence of any related comorbidities such as Social Anxiety Disorder or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Treatment methods may vary depending on severity and individual needs but typically involve techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Exposure Therapy, relaxation techniques, speech therapy and family therapy where appropriate to improve communication skills in a safe environment and help individuals gain greater confidence in expressing themselves around others. Medications may also be prescribed for associated comorbidities like OCD or depression if necessary.