What does AAT mean in MEDICAL

Anyone with a family history of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, signs and symptoms of lung or liver disease, or a known diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema should be tested for AAT Deficiency.

Diagnosis of AAT deficiency consists of evidence from one's medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging studies, and possibly other tests such as pulmonary function testing.

Complications associated with an AAT deficiency include shortness of breath, fatigue, recurrent infections in the respiratory tract, severe exacerbations of asthma symptoms, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and liver failure.

Treatment options may include medications to manage symptoms or prevent further lung damage; supplemental oxygen; antifibrotic agents; lifestyle changes to improve breathing and exercise tolerance; and augmentation therapy for those with severe forms of AAT Deficiency.

Yes, smoking significantly increases the risk of developing early onset emphysema in those with an AAT Deficiency. Therefore it is important for those affected to stop smoking if possible.

People who have an at-risk family history should be tested for carriership even if they do not have any noticeable symptoms. Those who are identified as carriers should take steps to reduce their exposure to environmental factors such as air pollution which could worsen their condition. Individuals who are already experiencing symptoms should seek treatment right away as this may help slow progression of the disease.

You should speak with your doctor if you have any questions or concerns about yourself or your family's at-risk status for alpha 1 antitrypsin related illnesses. Your doctor will provide appropriate advice on how you can best manage your condition if needed and provide additional resources that may be helpful such as support groups or referrals to specialists who specialize in treating these conditions.

Yes! In addition to avoiding smoking and regular testing if you are at risk there are certain lifestyle modifications which may help reduce your chances of developing complications from Alpha 1 Antitrypsin related illnesses such as eating a healthy diet low in saturated fat; exercising regularly; getting enough rest; maintaining a healthy bodyweight; managing stress levels; and avoiding contact with air pollutants whenever possible.