What does PPH mean in UNCLASSIFIED
Primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a life-threatening obstetric emergency defined as excessive bleeding from the birth canal within 24 hours after childbirth. It remains a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide.
PPH meaning in Unclassified in Miscellaneous
PPH mostly used in an acronym Unclassified in Category Miscellaneous that means Primary postpartum hemorrhage
Shorthand: PPH,
Full Form: Primary postpartum hemorrhage
For more information of "Primary postpartum hemorrhage", see the section below.
Causes of PPH
- Uterine atony: Failure of the uterus to contract after delivery, leading to pooling of blood in the uterine cavity.
- Retained placental fragments: Placental tissue that remains attached to the uterine wall, preventing uterine contraction.
- Lacerations: Tears in the cervix, vagina, or perineum that can contribute to bleeding.
- Coagulation disorders: Conditions that affect blood clotting, such as thrombocytopenia or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
- Uterine inversion: A rare but severe complication where the uterus turns inside out, leading to massive bleeding.
Risk Factors for PPH
- Prolonged labor
- Multiple births
- Large baby
- Placenta previa
- Abruptio placentae
- Maternal age over 35 years
- Previous history of PPH
Symptoms of PPH
- Heavy vaginal bleeding: More than 500 ml of blood loss within 24 hours of delivery.
- Rapid heart rate: Compensatory tachycardia due to blood loss.
- Low blood pressure: Hypotension caused by hypovolemia.
- Pale skin and mucous membranes: Signs of anemia.
- Confusion and restlessness: Altered mental status due to blood loss and hypoxia.
Management of PPH
- Immediate resuscitation: Control bleeding, restore blood volume, and correct coagulopathies.
- Uterine massage: Manual stimulation of the uterus to promote contraction.
- Oxytocin administration: A hormone that promotes uterine contraction.
- Uterine tamponade: Packing the uterus with gauze or a balloon catheter to control bleeding.
- Bimanual compression: Applying pressure to the uterus with both hands.
- Transfusion: Blood products may be necessary to replace blood loss.
- Hysterectomy: In severe cases where other measures fail, surgical removal of the uterus may be necessary.
Prevention of PPH
- Active management of the third stage of labor: Controlled delivery of the placenta and early administration of oxytocin.
- Risk assessment: Identifying and managing women at high risk for PPH.
- Emergency preparedness: Ensuring access to necessary resources and trained personnel.
Essential Questions and Answers on Primary postpartum hemorrhage in "MISCELLANEOUS»UNFILED"
What is Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)?
PPH is excessive bleeding from the vagina after childbirth within the first 24 hours. It is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate medical attention.
What are the causes of PPH?
Common causes include:
- Uterine atony (failure of the uterus to contract after birth)
- Placental abruption
- Uterine rupture
- Cervical or vaginal tears
- Retained placenta
What are the symptoms of PPH?
Signs and symptoms may include:
- Heavy vaginal bleeding (more than one sanitary pad per hour)
- Blood clots
- Lightheadedness or dizziness
- Rapid heart rate
- Low blood pressure
- Shock
How is PPH treated?
Treatment depends on the severity of bleeding and may include:
- Medications to contract the uterus
- Manual removal of the placenta or blood clots
- Blood transfusions
- Surgical intervention, such as uterine packing or hysterectomy
What are the risks of PPH?
Untreated PPH can lead to:
- Anemia
- Blood loss shock
- Organ failure
- Death
How can PPH be prevented?
Preventive measures include:
- Active management of the third stage of labor (delivery of the placenta)
- Use of oxytocin or other uterotonic medications
- Prompt repair of any tears
When should I seek medical attention for PPH?
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs or symptoms of PPH, even if bleeding is minimal.
Final Words: Primary postpartum hemorrhage remains a serious obstetric emergency that requires prompt recognition and management. Understanding the causes, risk factors, and symptoms of PPH is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide timely and effective care. Implementing preventive measures and ensuring access to emergency resources significantly reduce maternal mortality and morbidity associated with this life-threatening condition.
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