What does CHO mean in BIOTECHNOLOGY

Carbohydrates (CHO) are organic compounds made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms. They are classified into three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates and include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides combine, such as sucrose (glucose + fructose) and lactose (glucose + galactose). Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made up of many monosaccharides linked together, such as starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy. They are broken down into glucose, which is then used by cells for energy or stored as glycogen for later use. Carbohydrates also provide dietary fiber, which is important for maintaining a healthy digestive system.

No, not all carbohydrates are created equal. Complex carbohydrates, such as those found in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, are more beneficial for health than simple carbohydrates, such as those found in processed foods and sugary drinks. Complex carbohydrates provide sustained energy and dietary fiber, while simple carbohydrates can cause spikes in blood sugar levels and lead to weight gain.

The recommended daily intake of carbohydrates varies depending on age, sex, and activity level. However, most experts recommend that carbohydrates make up 45-65% of total daily calories.

Good sources of complex carbohydrates include whole grains (brown rice, quinoa, oatmeal), fruits (apples, bananas, berries), and vegetables (broccoli, carrots, spinach). Good sources of dietary fiber include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.