What does SPS mean in LABORATORY

SPS stands for Stiff Person Syndrome, which is a rare, progressive neurological disorder of unknown cause that is characterized by painful and progressive muscle spasms triggered by environmental stimuli.

Common symptoms of SPS include painful and excessive muscle stiffness in the trunk and limbs, difficulty walking due to leg stiffness, decreased range of motion in the neck, spine, arms and legs, fear-related anxiety attacks, depression, and increased sensitivity to certain environmental triggers such as noises or bright lights.

A physician will perform physical exams and use lab tests to confirm or rule out a diagnosis of stiff person syndrome. This includes blood tests for autoantibodies known to be associated with SPS (such as glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies), imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans to measure changes in muscle size or activity, nerve conduction studies to measure electrical nerve activity, and electromyography (EMG) to measure muscle activity.

Currently there are no treatments specifically targeting the underlying cause of SPS; however there are medications available that may improve some symptoms such as pain relief medications or benzodiazepines for muscle relaxants. Physical therapy may also be beneficial in preventing contractures in affected muscles. Additionally lifestyle modifications such as stress reduction techniques may help reduce the occurrence of symptom flare-ups.

No, although adults make up the majority of cases it has been reported in children as well.