What does HPAI mean in CLINICAL MEDICINE

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease that affects domestic and wild birds. It is caused by avian influenza viruses of the H5 or H7 subtype. HPAI viruses are highly infectious and can cause severe illness and death in birds within 24 to 48 hours of infection.

HPAI can spread through direct contact with infected birds, their bodily fluids, or contaminated surfaces. It can also be transmitted through contact with contaminated feed, water, or equipment. Additionally, HPAI can be spread through the air over short distances.

Symptoms of HPAI in birds can include respiratory distress, coughing, sneezing, diarrhea, and reduced egg production. Infected birds may also develop neurological signs, such as tremors, seizures, and paralysis.

HPAI is diagnosed based on clinical signs, laboratory testing, and post-mortem examination. Samples from infected birds are collected and tested using molecular diagnostic techniques, such as PCR, to confirm the presence of the HPAI virus.

HPAI viruses are primarily adapted to birds, and the risk of infection to humans is generally low. However, human infections with HPAI viruses have been reported, and they can cause severe illness and even death. To minimize the risk of infection, it is important to avoid contact with infected birds and to properly handle and cook poultry products.

Control measures for HPAI include surveillance, quarantine, culling of infected flocks, and vaccination. Strict biosecurity measures are also implemented to prevent the introduction and spread of the virus into poultry farms.

To protect yourself from HPAI, it is important to avoid contact with infected birds and to properly handle and cook poultry products. Wash your hands thoroughly after handling poultry or poultry products, and avoid touching your face. If you have any concerns about potential exposure to HPAI, seek medical attention promptly.