What does PSP mean in REHABILITATION

Pathophysiology

PSP is primarily characterized by the accumulation of abnormal tau proteins in specific brain regions, including the basal ganglia, brainstem, and cerebellum. These tau proteins form aggregates called neurofibrillary tangles, which disrupt neuronal function and connectivity.

Clinical Manifestations

PSP symptoms typically manifest gradually and worsen progressively. Common manifestations include:

• Motor Disturbances: Rigidity, bradykinesia (slowed movements), postural instability, and frequent falls.
• Oculomotor Abnormalities: Impaired vertical eye movements, particularly downward gaze, and eyelids that droop or retract.
• Cognitive Impairment: Difficulty with executive function, attention, and memory.
• Speech Dysfunction: Slurred or hesitant speech, difficulty with articulation, and a nasal or monotonous voice.
• Other Symptoms: Behavioral changes, sleep disturbances, and urinary incontinence.

Diagnosis

PSP diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, neurological examination, and imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The presence of specific clinical features, including the oculomotor abnormalities and falls, can help differentiate PSP from other neurodegenerative disorders.

Treatment

Unfortunately, there is no cure for PSP. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Medication can help alleviate motor symptoms and cognitive impairment. Physical and occupational therapy can assist with mobility and daily living activities. Speech therapy can improve speech and communication.

Prognosis

PSP typically progresses slowly but steadily. The average life expectancy after diagnosis is around 5-10 years. The progression rate and symptoms vary among individuals.