What does YS mean in HUMAN GENOME

Meaning of YS

YS is an abbreviation for Yolk Sac which is a membrane like structure found in the embryos of animals and humans. The sac contains fluids and nourishment known as yolk, which helps to sustain the growth of an unborn baby inside its mother’s womb during pregnancy. The yolk sac appears at about 5 weeks after conception and disappears around 10 weeks or before after all its functions are over.

Function of YS

The main function of a yolk sac is to provide nutrition to the embryo during early stages of development until it becomes able to produce its own food supply by developing a placenta. It also helps in forming some organs such as liver, digestive system, urinary tract, pancreas, and gonads in humans and animals. It also releases some hormones that are responsible for early development of organs. Besides this, it helps with breathing by transporting oxygen from mother’s body through umbilical cord into the baby's lungs while eliminating carbon dioxide produced by it back into the mother's body through same route.

Diagnosis

Doctors often use ultrasound scans when diagnosing problems in early pregnancy because they can easily detect yolk sac on these scans even before placenta develops properly in later stages2. Since the size and shape of yolk sac give an indication about normal fetal development doctors use them while monitoring embryonic development throughout pregnancy3. Doctors may also draw blood from umbilical cord using noninvasive method known as cordocentesis if there arises any doubt regarding health status or genetic defects based on abnormal appearance or size of gestational-sac4.