What does TPB mean in MEDICAL

Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is a psychological model that explains people’s decisions and behaviors in particular circumstance. It postulates that the particular behavior that a person exhibits is based on two sets of beliefs: (1) attitude towards the behavior, and (2) subjective norms associated with it. The greater the person’s attitude and subjective norms towards the behavior, the more likely they are to display it.

TPB was proposed by Icek Ajzen in 1985 and has been further developed in other fields since then. Ajzen argued that these beliefs influence an individual’s intentions, which subsequently affect their behavior.

While both theories focus on how individual’s cognitions influences behavior, there are three fundamental differences between them. Firstly, Social Cognitive Theory focuses solely on personal factors while TPB also takes into account social factors such as perceived norms or attitudes of others regarding desired behaviors; secondly, while Social Cognitive Theory only focuses on favorable cognitions when predicting behavior, unfavorable cognitions are also taken into consideration within the framework of TPB; Lastly, Social Cognitive Theory is not concerned with intentions or plans to carry out certain behaviors whereas this is a major component of TPB.

There are three primary components to the theory. These include behavioral beliefs – what one believes will be the outcomes if they performed a certain action; normative beliefs - what one believes others will think if they perform a certain action; and control beliefs– what resources or obstacles one perceives to be present if trying to perform a certain action. Together these elements form an intention which then leads to actual behavior.

Because individuals base their decisions off their beliefs about the outcome of potential actions as well as social pressures about those actions, understanding one's own attitudes, values and subjective norms can provide insight into why someone may make a decision that goes against their own desires or values. Furthermore, utilizing this information can help people better understand themselves as well as plan better strategies for decision making process.

Since its introduction in 1985,TPB has become widely accepted in the field of psychology due to its predictive validity across many different contexts including health-related research where it has been used to explain HIV risk behaviors or alcohol consumption patterns. Despite some criticism over its ability to predict specific behavior due to its reliance on intention rather than actual past experience, multiple studies have found it highly successful in predicting future decision-making.

Yes – environmental factors such as socioeconomic status or access to services can play an important role in influencing an individual's attitudes and subjective norms around performing certain behaviors. Therefore such environmental conditions must be taken into consideration when analyzing individuals using TPB.

In addition to being used extensively within psychology research studies regarding human behaviors such as addiction treatment or public health initiatives, TPB has begun being applied outside psychology fields – particularly within marketing settings where understanding consumer attitudes or preferences plays an important role for planners and strategists looking for ways maximize profits or effectiveness through cost cutting methods.