What does SBP mean in MEDICAL

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious health condition that affects the abdomen. It occurs when bacteria enter the fluid in the space around the organs in an individual's abdomen and cause inflammation or infection.

The most common cause of SBP is cirrhosis of the liver, which renders patients more susceptible to infection due to their weakened immune systems. Other conditions such as congestive heart failure or nephrotic syndrome may also lead to SBP.

People with cirrhosis of the liver are at greatest risk for developing SBP. Other individuals who are at increased risk include those with chronic kidney disease, AIDS/HIV, cancer, pancreatic insufficiency, congestive heart failure, or nephrotic syndrome.

A physician typically diagnoses SBP by performing a physical examination and abdominal ultrasound scanning. Additionally a laboratory test may be conducted to detect any bacteria found in the abdominal fluid through analyzing sample taken from it using either aspiration needle or paracentesis procedure.

Treatment for SBP typically includes antibiotics intravenously or orally and if necessary surgical drainage of abdominal abscess as well as treatment for any underlying medical condition that caused it. Prognosis tends to vary depending on individual's medical history and overall health condition prior to diagnosis of SBP.