What does PCA mean in UNCLASSIFIED

“Per curiam affirmed” means that an appellate court agrees with the decision of a lower court. The phrase is typically used to indicate that an appeals process has been completed, and the ruling of the lower court has been upheld.

“Per curiam affirmed” is typically used at the conclusion of an appeals process. It indicates that the appellate court agrees with the decision of the lower court, and affirms its ruling without any additional explanation or justification.

No, a written opinion is not usually required when using “per curiam affirmed” in legal proceedings. This term generally serves as a conclusive statement indicating that no further consideration of an issue is necessary, and that no additional explanation or justification for affirming a lower court's ruling will be provided.

In most cases, decisions regarding whether to affirm or reverse rulings in an appeal are made by appellate courts. Appeals are often heard by panels consisting of three or more judges who review evidence presented during hearings and come to consensus decisions on appropriate outcomes for each case they hear.

If an appellate court disagrees with a lower court's ruling, it may choose to reverse it instead of affirming it. When this occurs, new proceedings will take place according to guidelines set out by either state or federal law.