What does ARPANET mean in INTERNET

ARPANET stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, it was a pioneering network that marked the start of modern computer networking. Developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the idea of ARPANET was to create a network that would allow computers at different research centers in the US to be connected and share resources.

ARPANET was developed by an organization called the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), which was part of the United States Department of Defense. The project was led by Lawrence G. Roberts and other computer scientists who were involved in developing some of the first digital computers.

ARPANET went live on October 29, 1969 at 21:30 UTC when Leonard Kleinrock's Interface Message Processor (IMP) linked UCLA with Stanford University in California. It became officially operational in January 1971 as four more nodes were added to create what became known as the "original" ARPANET.

By 1973, there were 37 nodes on the network and it continued to grow throughout its life until it was replaced by newer internet technologies in 1989–90. At its peak, there were around 200,000 computers connected to ARPANET across 20 countries.

A variety of protocols have been used over time including NCP (Network Control Protocol), TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol) and Telnet (Remote Login protocol). Each protocol had its own purpose such as data transfer or remote login but they all relied on IP addressing scheme for communication between hosts.

Funding for development came from various sources including DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) and NSF (National Science Foundation). In addition to government funding, universities and research centers also provided support through their own funds or grants from private companies such as IBM or AT&T Bell Laboratories.

One significant event occurred when TCP/IP became available which allowed email services between nodes on the net without any special hardware required; this led to personal messaging becoming popular among users on diverse networks. Other events included Vinton Cerf’s work on packet switching which led to further expansion within local networks, beginning with ALOHAnet in Hawaii which later became part of INCnet, another precursor of today’s internet.

The advantages are numerous – using a distributed network like Arpanet allows for communication between multiple locations simultaneously while allowing them access to each other’s resources; having multiple nodes also increases redundancy meaning even if one node goes down there is still access available via another node; furthermore it can increase efficiency due to faster processing speeds on networks versus single centralized systems.

The impact that Arpanet has had on our society cannot be understated – thanks largely due to its development we now have access today’s comprehensive internet where almost anything can be found or done electronically; without Arpanet many modern inventions like email service providers and social media platforms wouldn't exist.

The legacy that Arpanet left behind is one of innovation – thanks largely due its pioneering efforts we now enjoy nearly instantaneous global communication at our fingertips; additionally many other aspects such as online banking, streaming entertainment services, virtual learning environments could not exist without it.