What does GMAC mean in HUMAN GENOME
Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee or GMAC is a panel of experts appointed by the Indian government to assess and monitor any activity related to genetic engineering and modification. The committee comprises representatives from various fields like biotechnology, molecular biology, environment, natural resources and agriculture. It has the responsibility to ensure that all activities involving Genetic Engineering (GE) application comply with the safety regulations laid down by the Government of India. The GMAC is responsible for providing expert advice on various aspects of genetically modified organism (GMO) safety and technology assessment as well as on environmental issues such as potential impacts of GE on biodiversity.
GMAC meaning in Human Genome in Medical
GMAC mostly used in an acronym Human Genome in Category Medical that means Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee
Shorthand: GMAC,
Full Form: Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee
For more information of "Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee", see the section below.
» Medical » Human Genome
Overview
Established in 1989, the Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee was first set up by the Indian government to advise them on every aspect concerning agricultural biotechnology, including research, commercialization and transfer of technologies related to genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Since then it has evolved into a seven-member committee chaired by a senior bureaucrat from the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEFCC). Other members include scientists from non-governmental organizations such as ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization), IARI (Indian Agriculture Research Institute) along with representatives from regulatory bodies like the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), National Biodiversity Authority and Department of Science & Technology (DST).
The GMAC works closely with all stakeholders involved in GE application and its regulation as well as dissemination. To assess any new applications for GMOs in India, it reviews scientific data submitted by applicants in terms of potential hazard posed by their product or process if released into nature or used under contained conditions. It also evaluates socio-economic benefits derived from such experiments/applications & takes into account potential environmental impacts caused due to them.
Responsibilities
The primary duty of GMAC is to provide technical advice related to biosafety assessments during research experiments involving GMO applications. It evaluates data submitted by applicants including risk assessment results based on different criteria such as nutritional health hazards, current knowledge about pest control effectiveness etc. before giving its opinion/recommendations regarding approval/rejection for such projects/experiments. In addition, it also monitors field trials conducted using GE products either developed domestically or imported into India making sure that they comply with approved regulations & guidelines issued from time-to-time. Moreover it supports awareness campaigns intended at educating public about pros & cons associated with GMO applications focusing mainly upon food security aspect alongside environmental concerns related them.
Essential Questions and Answers on Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee in "MEDICAL»GENOME"
What is GMAC?
GMAC stands for Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee. It is an advisory body established to provide advice and guidance on the ethical issues associated with genetic manipulation research. GMAC operates independently from governmental bodies and consists of experts from different disciplines, including biologists, scientists, ethicists and representatives of civil society organisations.
What does GMAC do?
GMAC advises on proposed projects involving genetic manipulation in terms of their technical feasibility, potential risks and ethical considerations. The committee assesses project applications submitted by research groups, evaluates the scientific validity of the proposed research and assesses the safety aspects of the research plan before making recommendations to relevant authorities as well as funding bodies.
How are members appointed to GMAC?
Members of GMAC are appointed through a rigorous selection process by senior officials from relevant government departments after considering recommendations made by professional organisations related to genetic science.
What expertise does GMAC have?
GMAC has members with diverse skills and backgrounds including molecular biologists, genetic engineers, biochemists, plant pathologists, toxicologists as well as ethicists. Representatives from civil society organisations also form part of the committee's membership.
Who funds the activities of GMAC?
Funding for the operations of GMAC comes from public funds allocated through governmental departments such as Department for Business Innovation and Skills (BIS), Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA), Department for Health & Social Care (DHSC) among other sources.
What approvals does GMAC provide?
After assessing applications submitted by research groups intending to conduct studies involving genetic manipulations, GMAC provides approval in two forms - independent approval which permits researchers to go ahead with their study without further consultation from government or statutory bodies; or conditional approval which requires additional assessment or review by government or statutory bodies prior to commencement of any activity related to genetic manipulation study.
Who sets up guidelines for activities carried out by GMAC?
Guidelines pertaining to activities carried out by GMAC are set up in accordance with legislation related to bio-security such as Plant Health Act 1997; The Genetically Modified Organisms Regulations 2015; Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986; Human Tissue Act 2004 among other relevant regulations.
Final Words:
Though great advancements have been made over last few decades in understanding how genes work at cellular level & how they can be manipulated for desired outcomes yet there are lots of areas where much more needs to be learnt & understood so that risks posed due to these changes remain minimal both economically & ecologically speaking. In this context setting up a safe guard system which ensures compliance with laid down safety protocols while allowing progress becomes utmost important issue which GMAC attempts towards achieving since many years now after receiving formal approval from Govt Of India in 1989.
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