What does ADS mean in SPORTS

A binary star system consists of two stars orbiting each other around their common center of mass due to gravity. These systems can range from wide binaries, which have large orbits and take hundreds or thousands of years to complete one revolution, all the way down to close binaries where the stars are locked together in a tight orbit and complete a revolution every few weeks or months.

There are three main types of binary star systems - visual binaries, spectroscopic binaries, and eclipsing binaries. Visual binaries contain two stars visible to the naked eye that appear to be very close together in the sky. Spectroscopic binaries have two stars too far apart for us to see separately but whose orbital motions can be detected when observing light from both stars. Eclipsing binaries consist of two stars so close together they eclipse each other as they orbit one another periodically, making them easy to detect from Earth. Aitken Double Stars (ADS) are a type of spectroscopic binary first discovered by American astronomer Robert Grant Aitken in 1945 and named after him.

ADS differ from other types of double star systems because they have unusually large mass ratios between their components, with one component being 2-3 times more massive than the other. This means that the larger component has significant tidal influence on its companion, resulting in rapid orbital angular momentum loss over time as material is transferred from one star to the other through accretion disc formation near their Lagrange points. The peculiarity of this type of system has made it particularly interesting for astronomical research ever since its discovery in 1945 by Robert Grant Aitken.

Yes! One popular example is Algol, also known as Beta Persei, which is an eclipsing variable star consisting of two massive components - a B8 III primary over 4 solar masses and a much smaller companion with roughly 0.6 solar masses - orbiting one another every 2 days and 19 hours at a distance under 1 Astronomical Unit (AU). Another well-known ADS is Nu Scorpii (V716 Scorpii), consisting mostly hydrogen gas with stellar components rotating at high speed around their common center every 7 hours 38 minutes.

Researchers have studied many aspects related to ADS such as mass transfer between components, orbital angular momentum loss over time due to accretion disk formation near Lagrange points, tidal interaction between companions, radiation characteristics during eclipses and more recently even possible applications for detecting exoplanets within those systems using astrometry measurements obtained through interferometry techniques combined with code adaptation for data analysis purpose.