What does ADPKD mean in DISEASES
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. These cysts gradually enlarge over time, impairing kidney function and potentially leading to kidney failure.
ADPKD meaning in Diseases in Medical
ADPKD mostly used in an acronym Diseases in Category Medical that means Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Shorthand: ADPKD,
Full Form: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
For more information of "Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease", see the section below.
Causes
ADPKD is caused by mutations in one of two genes:
- PKD1 (85-90% of cases): Encodes a protein called polycystin-1
- PKD2 (10-15% of cases): Encodes polycystin-2
These proteins are involved in cell signaling and structure, and their malfunction leads to cyst formation in the kidneys.
Symptoms
ADPKD typically manifests in adulthood, but it can also occur earlier. Symptoms may include:
- Pain in the lower back or sides from enlarged kidneys
- Frequent urination
- Increased thirst
- Fatigue
- High blood pressure
- Kidney stones
- Blood in the urine
Diagnosis
ADPKD can be diagnosed through:
- Family history
- Physical exam to detect enlarged kidneys
- Imaging tests, such as ultrasound or MRI, to visualize the cysts
- Genetic testing to identify the specific mutation responsible
Treatment
There is no cure for ADPKD, but treatment options aim to manage symptoms and prevent complications. These may include:
- Medications to control blood pressure and reduce cyst growth
- Dialysis or kidney transplant if kidney function declines significantly
- Pain relievers
- Lifestyle modifications, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise
Essential Questions and Answers on Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease in "MEDICAL»DISEASES"
What is Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)?
ADPKD is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys, causing the kidneys to enlarge abnormally and progressively lose their function.
How common is ADPKD?
ADPKD is the most common potentially fatal inherited kidney disorder, affecting approximately 1 in 500 to 1 in 1000 people worldwide.
What are the symptoms of ADPKD?
Early on, ADPKD may not cause any symptoms. As cysts grow, however, common symptoms include:
- Enlarged abdomen due to enlarged kidneys
- Flank pain or discomfort
- Frequent urination
- High blood pressure
- Urinary tract infections
- Kidney failure in severe cases
How is ADPKD inherited?
ADPKD is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. This means that only one copy of the mutated gene is required to cause the condition. An affected parent has a 50% chance of passing the mutated gene to each child.
What are the risks of ADPKD?
People with ADPKD have an increased risk of:
- Kidney failure, requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant
- High blood pressure
- Heart disease
- Liver cysts
- Brain aneurysms
How is ADPKD diagnosed?
ADPKD can be diagnosed with:
- Family history and physical examination
- Ultrasound to detect cysts on the kidneys
- Genetic testing to confirm the diagnosis
Is there a cure for ADPKD?
Currently, there is no cure for ADPKD. However, treatments can help manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease, including:
- Medications to control blood pressure and cholesterol
- Lifestyle modifications, such as limiting salt intake and exercising regularly
- Dialysis or kidney transplant for severe kidney failure
Final Words: ADPKD is a serious genetic disorder that affects the kidneys. It is important for individuals with a family history or suspected symptoms to seek early diagnosis and treatment to manage the condition and prevent complications. Ongoing research aims to develop new therapies and improve the quality of life for individuals with ADPKD.