What does OMI mean in UNCLASSIFIED

Causes

OMI typically occurs due to the buildup of atherosclerotic plaque within the coronary arteries. Plaque consists of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances that accumulate over time, narrowing the arteries and reducing blood flow.

Symptoms

The symptoms of OMI can vary depending on the severity of the blockage and the individual's overall health. Common signs include:

• Chest pain (angina pectoris): Sudden, severe, and crushing pain in the chest that may radiate to the neck, jaw, or left arm
• Shortness of breath
• Nausea or vomiting
• Lightheadedness or dizziness
• Anxiety or a sense of impending doom

Diagnosis

Diagnosing OMI involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Echocardiogram
• Coronary angiography: A procedure that involves injecting a dye into the coronary arteries to visualize any blockages

Treatment

Prompt treatment is essential for OMI to restore blood flow to the heart muscle and prevent further damage. Treatment options include:

• Medications: Medications such as thrombolytics, anticoagulants, and antiplatelet agents are used to break up blood clots and prevent further clotting.
• Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): A procedure that involves inserting a catheter into the blocked artery and using a balloon or stent to open it up.
• Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): A surgical procedure that involves creating a new blood vessel to bypass the blocked artery and restore blood flow to the heart.

Prognosis

The prognosis for OMI depends on the severity of the blockage, the location of the artery affected, and the individual's overall health. With prompt treatment, many people with OMI can live full and active lives.