What does ACE mean in LANGUAGE CODES (3 LETTERS)

Achinese (also known as Achinese Malay or Acehnese) is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup spoken by about 8 million people in Aceh Province and neighbouring areas on the northern tip of Sumatra, Indonesia.

Achinese is mainly spoken in the Indonesian province of Aceh located at the northern tip of Sumatra. It is also spoken in some surrounding areas such as the East Coast, North Sumatra and Riau Islands.

Two major dialects are used for Achinese; Gayo and Kluet. The Gayo dialect is mostly found in Bener Meriah, Central Aceh, Southeast Aceh Regency and South Aceh Regency, while Kluet dialect is predominantly found in East Aceh Regency.

Achinese shares many features with other Austronesian languages including perfective aspect suffixes, reflexive possessives, productive compounding structures, reduplication constructions and ergative alignment patterns. Additionally, it has a rich inflectional system with separate subject pronouns and verb forms for each person/number combination.

Modern day Achinese is primarily spoken by native ethnic groups of the region such as Gayos, Alas people and Kluet people.

Yes, there are several standardised writing systems used for modern day Achinese which include Jawi script (a modified Arabic alphabet), Latin script (modified version of international Latin alphabet) and Elipe script (a system where symbols represent syllables). These writing systems are mainly used in newspaper articles, books and films produced by local authors.

Yes, one major religious book written in Achinese language dates back to 1877 called Kitab Kebacaan Pengetahuan Sehari-hari dan Pengajaran Khusus which was created by local author Syeikh Muhammad Daud Beureueh. There are also several other religious books written in traditional Jawi scripts such as Kitab Al-Mubtadi’in wa al-Mutawwa’in written by Abdul Rahim Hikmati Singkil and Salatut Tasbih written by Syeikh Imamuddin Lheue.

Yes, there have been recent publications that use modern forms of writing for contemporary works such as Tjeremai (csv files), a collection of poetry about love published by Meuda Manaf in 2011; Puisi Islam Berbahasa Acheh edited by Mulyana Perang; multiple short stories from Bayanah Lueng Written by Masyitah Ladjamudin; Marsyah di Ulee Blang 2012 novel from Awan Besut along with some educational materials like Bola Sepak Dalam Bahasa Acheh Schoolbook from Putera Zaenal Muttaqin Nurdin et al.